Here's a general overview:
TV broadcasts are transmitted through a combination of analog or digital signals that are sent through the air or via cable/satellite transmission. In the case of over-the-air broadcasting, the signal is sent from a TV station's antenna to an antenna on a viewer's TV set or set-top box. The signal is then decoded by the TV or set-top box and displayed on the viewer's screen.
Analog TV signals, which were used for many years before the transition to digital broadcasting, are continuous waves that vary in amplitude and frequency to encode the audio and video information. Digital TV signals, on the other hand, use a series of ones and zeros to represent the audio and video data. Digital signals are more efficient and allow for higher quality video and audio, but they require a more complex transmission and decoding process.
In order to transmit TV broadcasts, TV stations use a variety of equipment including cameras, microphones, video switchers, audio mixers, transmitters, and antennas. The TV signal is first captured by cameras and microphones and then mixed and edited in a control room. The final signal is then sent to the transmitter, which amplifies the signal and sends it through the air or via cable/satellite transmission.